Catchphrase 2001 - ail gyfres: Wythnos 57

Week 57, Monday.  Today you’ll learn:
y mwya swnllyd, y peth mwya diddorol, gwylio, talentog, ffilm, ffilmiau, actor, actorion, yr unfed ar bump

’Dych chi’n cofio?  - (Do you remember?): y gorau - (the best), y gwaetha - (the worst), y mwya - (the most), y lleia - (the least).  The regular adjectives are easy.  Just change the a-c-h of the comparative to a.  Mae hi’n dalach na fi - (she’s taller than me).  Hi ydi’r dala - (she’s the tallest).  Long adjectives are easy, too.  We use mwya.  Y plant mwya swnllyd yn y byd - (the noisiest children in the world).  Y ffilm fwya cyffrous dw i erioed wedi’i gweld - (the most exciting film I have ever seen).  We’ve used the phrase edrych ar to mean watch.  Edrych ar y teledu - (watch TV).  But there’s another word meaning to watch: gwylio.  Dw i’n hoffi gwylio ffilmiau - (I like watching films).  And who do you see in films?  Actorion - (actors).  And you hope those actorion are going to be talentog - (talented).  We’ve had the word ers before meaning since.  Dw i ddim wedi gweld neb ers dydd Mawrth - (I haven’t seen anyone since Tuesday).  It can also have the meaning of for: dw i ddim wedi gweld neb ers dyddiau.  Rhys is making one of his infrequent entries in his diary.

Listen to the dialogue:
Rhys - Dydd Llun, yr unfed ar bymtheg o Hydref.  Mae’n flin gyda fi.  Dw i ddim wedi ysgrifennu yn fy 
nyddiadur ers wythnosau.  Es i i’r sinema ar y penwythnos gyda Diane.  Gwylion ni ffilm am y rhyfel.  
Yr ffilm fwya swnllyd dw i erioed wedi’i gweld oedd hi, a dweud y gwir. Doedd Diane ddim yn rhy 
hapus, dw i’n meddwl, ond ces i hwyl.  Y peth mwya diddorol am y ffilm oedd yr actorion talentog.  Y 
mwya talentog oedd Ben Affleck.

Dydd Llun - (Monday) - yr unfed ar bymtheg o Hydref.  Yr unfed ar bymtheg means the sixteenth but I don’t want to spend too much time discussing this type of number at this point.  Yr unfed ar bymtheg o Hydref is simply the sixteenth of October.  Mae’n flin gyda fi - (I’m sorry).  Dw i ddim wedi ysgrifenu yn fy nyddiadur ers wythnosau - (I haven’t written in my diary for weeks).  He obviously takes it seriously!  Es i i’r sinema ar y penwythnos gyda Diane - (I went to the cinema at the weekend with Diane).  Gwylion ni - the past of gwylio - gwylion ni ffilm am y rhyfel - (we watched a film about the war).  Y ffilm fwya swnllyd dw i erioed wedi’i gweld oedd hi - literally, the noisiest film I have ever seen it was.  It was the noisiest I have ever seen.  Doedd Diane ddim yn rhy hapus - (Diane wasn’t too happy).  Ond ces i hwyl - (but I had fun), or I enjoyed it.  Y peth mwya diddorol am y ffilm oedd yr actorion talentog - (the most interesting thing about the film were the talented actors).  Y mwya talentog oedd Ben Affleck - (the most talented was Ben Affleck). 

Week 12, Tuesday.  Today you’ll learn:
yr un mwya siaradus, diwetha, ola, yn eich barn chi, amyneddgar, ola, peryglus

Y bachgen mwya siaradus - (the most talkative boy).  If you refer to him without referring to the fact that he is a boy, you could say: y mwya siaradus - (the most talkative).  Pwy ydy’r mwya siaradus o’r bechgyn i gyd? - (who is the most talkative of all the boys?)  as in English, you could also say: yr un mwya siaradus - (the most talkative one).  Pwy ydy’r un mwya siaradus? - (who is the most talkative one?)  If you apply for a job, you are: ymgeisydd - (an applicant).  The plural is: ymgeiswyr - (applicants).  I hope this wouldn’t be the case in most instances, but you might stand a better chance if you were: golygus - (good looking)  You might have your own barn about things - (opinion). And you might be asked how things look yn eich barn chi - (in your opinion).  This could however be peryglus - (dangerous).  When waiting for the outcome of your application, you need to be amyneddgar - (patient).  Not A patient, of course - that’s claf.  Another couple of words that can be the same in English are ola and diwetha.  We’re familiar with diwetha: it means last, as in last week: yr wythnos diwetha.  Ola also means last, but in the sense of the last in a queue, or a series.  Yr ymgeisydd ola - the last, or final, applicant.  Guto and Bethan are discussing the recent applicants for a job in their department.

Listen to the dialogue:
Guto - Wel, beth wyt ti’n feddwl o’r ymgeiswyr, Bethan?
Bethan - Ro’n i’n hoffi’r un ola.  Fe oedd yr un mwya siaradus a’r un mwya diddorol.  Fe oedd y mwya 
golygus hefyd.
Guto - Hm.  Y mwya peryglus, yn fy marn i.  Beth am yr un gynta?  Hi oedd y fwya gofalus.
Bethan - Yn rhy ofalus, yn fy marn i.
Guto - Roedd hi’n amyneddgar.  Mae eisiau’r un mwya amyneddgar arnon ni.
Bethan - Bydd hi’n gorfod gweithio gyda ti, dyna pam!

Beth wyt ti’n feddwl o’r ymgeiswyr? - (what do you think of the applicants?)  Ro’n i’n hoffi’r un ola - (I liked the last one).  Fe oedd yr un mwya siaradus - (he was the most talkative one) - a’r un mwya diddorol - (and the most interesting one).  Fe oedd y mwya golygus hefyd - (he was the best looking, as well).  This turns Guto off him immediately: y mwya peryglus, yn fy marn i - (the most dangerous, in my opinion).  Beth am yr un gynta? - (what about the first one?)  Notice the mutation: yr un gynta.  This is because the first applicant is a woman.  Hi oedd y fwya gofalus - (she was the most careful).  Again, there’s a mutation on fwya because she is a women, but notice you don’t also mutate the adjective afterwards.  Y fwya gofalus - (the most careful).  Yn rhy ofalus, yn fy marn i - (too careful in my opinion), says Bethan.  Roedd hi’n amyneddgar - (she was patient).  Mae eisiau’r un mwya amyneddgar arnon ni - (we need the most patient one).  Bethan offers an explanation for this: bydd hi’n gorfod gweithio gyda ti, dyna pam - (she’ll have to work with you, that’s why!)

Week 12, Wednesday  Today you’ll learn:
y rhai mwya cyffrous, mae golwg gyfrifol iawn arnyn nhw, silff, ymddwyn, rhewgell, yn anffodus, cyfrifol, pryderu

Dw i eisiau gwylio ffilm - (I want to watch a film).  Y fwya cyffrous - (the most exciting).  You could also say: yr un fwya cyffrous - (the most exciting one).  Y fwya cyffrous could be plural.  Dw i’n hoffi gwylio ffilmiau - (I like watching films).  Y mwya cyffrous - (the most exciting).  The equivalent of yr un fwya cyffrous in the plural is y rhai mwya cyffrous - (the most exciting ones).  Dyma’r rhai gorau - (these are the best ones).  Rhai can also mean some.  Mae rhai yn y oergell - (there are some in the fridge).  We spent some time in the last series of Catchphrase looking at phrases using the word ar.  Phrases like: mae syched arna i - (I’m thirsty), literally: there’s thirst on me.  This type of construction extends to many areas in Welsh, and is typical of the language.  Mae golwg wirion arnon ni literally means: there’s a silly look on us.  But you’d translate it as: we look silly - mae golwg wirion arnon ni.  We’ve used the verb edrych in cases like this.  ’Dyn ni’n edrych yn wirion - (we look silly).  But forming this sort of sentence with ar is typically Welsh - look out for examples.   Some new words:  ymddwyn is a verb.  It means to behave.  Mae ein plant ni’n ymddwyn yn dda - (our children behave well).

Silff is a shelf.  Yn anffodus means unfortunately.  Cyfrifol is the word for responsible.  Pwy sy’n gyfrifol? - (who’s reponsible?)  The word pryderus: means worried.  So, logically, pryderu means to worry.  Rhys is on the ward again we discover that this is actually a ward for people with mental problems.

Listen to the dialogue:
Nyrs Stevens - Iawn, Rhys.  Dyma ble ’dyn ni’n cadw moddion y cleifion.  Mae’r
rhai sy’n gorfod bod yn oer yn yr oergell.  Mae’r rhai mwya peryglus ar ben y silff ucha.
Rhys - Pam?  Does dim plant yma.
Nyrs - Nac oes.  Ond, yn anffodus, mae rhai o’n cleifion ni yn ymddwyn fel plant weithiau.  
Rhys - Ond, mae golwg gyfrifol iawn ar rai o’r cleifion.
Nyrs - Oes. Ond dw i’n pryderu am y rhai lleia cyfrifol.

Dyma ble ’dyn ni’n cadw moddion y cleifion - (this is where we keep the patients medicines).  Mae’r rhai sy’n gorfod bod yn oer yn yr oergell - (the ones that have to be cold are in the fridge).  Mae’r rhai mwya peryglus ar ben y silff ucha - (the most dangerous ones are on the top shelf).  Y silff ucha - literally, the highest shelf.  Rhys is puzzled.  Does dim plant yma - (there’s no children here).  Nac oes - (no there aren’t).  Ond, yn anffodus, mae rhai o’n cleifion ni yn ymddwyn fel plant weithiau - (but unfortunately, some of our patients behave like children sometimes).  Ond mae golwg gyfrifol iawn ar rai o’r cleifion - (but some of the patients look very responsible).  Because he begins by saying mae golwg, literally, there’s a look, the answer word is: oes - (yes).  Ond dw in pryderu am y rhai lleia cyfrifol - (but I worry about the least responsible ones).

Week 12, Thursday.  Today you’ll learn:
y mwya cyfforddus ydi hwn, gwaedlyd

We know that for some sentences we have to turn the usual word order round and use different verbs from the usual.  So you say mae hwn yn fwy cyfforddus na hwnna - (this is more comfortable than that), using mae.  But then hwn ydy’r mwya cyfforddus - (this is the most comfortable).  This sentence itself can be switched round to change emphasis.  Y mwya cyfforddus ydy hwn - literally, the most comfortable is this.  You’d still say in English, of course, this is the most comfortable.  In Welsh, it gives a sense of emphasising the fact that this is the most comfortable as opposed to the most tasteful, or whatever.  The important thing from the point of the grammar is that the ydy in the middle is like an equals sign - you just swap the two sides round. A new word: gwaedlyd - it comes from the word gwaed, blood - bloody.  Rhys is chatting with his girlfriend, Diane, about the film they went to see on Saturday.

Listen to the dialogue:
Diane - Beth o’t ti’n feddwl o’r ffilm, Rhys?
Rhys - O, roedd hi’n weddol.
Diane - Y ffilm fwya swnllyd dwi i erioed wedi’i gweld.
Rhys - Wel, roedd hi tipyn yn swnllyd.
Diane - Yr un fwya gwaedlyd hefyd.
Rhys - Roedd tipyn o waed, oedd.
Diane - A’r sinema ’na oedd yr un lleia cyfforddus dw i erioed wedi’i weld.
Rhys - Do’t ti ddim yn hoffi’r ffilm, te?
Diane - O’n.  Y ffilm orau dw i erioed wedi’i gweld oedd hi.

Beth o’t ti’n feddwl o’r ffilm? - (what did you think of the film?)  Roedd hi’n weddol - (it was O.K).  Rhys is worried about saying the wrong thing.  Diane is quite outspoken, however.  Y ffilm fwya swnllyd dw i erioed wedi’i gweld - (the noisiest film I’ve ever seen).  Rhys begins to back-track.  Oedd, roedd hi tipyn yn swnllyd - (yes, it was a bit noisy).  Diane goes on.  Yr un fwya gwaedlyd hefyd - (the bloodiest as well).  Roedd tipyn o waed, oedd - (there was a bit of blood, yes).  And to cap it all: y sinema ’na oedd yr un lleia cyfforddus dw i erioed wedi’i weld - (that cinema was the least comfortable I’ve ever seen).  Do’t ti ddim yn hoffi’r ffilm, te?  Rhys asks, sheepishly - you didn’t like the film, then?  O’n - (yes).  Y ffilm orau dw i erioed wedi’i gweld oedd hi - (it was the best film I’ve ever seen).  Notice the reverse word again.  Diane is emphasising the fact that the film was the best one she had ever seen.

Week 12, Friday.  Today you’ll learn:
y lleia gwaedlyd, y fwya blin, eto, druan, dros nos, diogel, blin, sicr

Y mwya gwaedlyd means the bloodiest.  The opposite of this is y lleia gwaedlyd - the least bloody - y gorau - (the best).  And the worst.  Likewise: yr ucha - (the highest).  yr isa - (the lowest).  Some new words for today: diogel is safe.  Mae’r arian yn ddiogel yn y ty - (the money is safe in the house).  Dros nos means over night.  Gorffennodd e’r gwaith dros nos - (he finished the work over night).  Sicr is a word meaning certain.  Dw i ddim yn sicr - (I’m not sure).  Druan after somebody’s name means poor.  Catrin druan - (poor Catrin).  Guto druan - (poor Guto).  Catrin is asking Uncle Elwyn what he’s going to do with his money.

Listen to the dialogue:
Catrin - Wncl Elwyn, ’dych chi wedi penderfynu eto ble ’dych chi’n mynd i roi’ch arian chi?
Wncl Elwyn - Dw i ddim yn sicr, Catrin.  Dw i eisiau’r lle mwya diogel, yr un lleia peryglus.  Ti’n gwybod, 
pan o’n i’n ifanc...
Catrin - Wel, does dim rhaid i chi benderfynu dros nos.
Elwyn - Dw i ddim yn dalentog mewn pethau fel buddsoddi arian.  Yr un orau yn y teulu ydy Carol yn 
Rhydaman.   Ond mae hi’n dipyn o boen.
Catrin - Aa, Carol druan!

’Dych chi wedi penderfynu eto? - (have you decided yet?)  Catrin asks.  ’Dych chi wedi penderfynu eto ble ’dych chi’n mynd i roi’ch arian? - (have you decided yet where you are going to put your money?)  Remember eto can mean either again or, as in this case, yet.  ’Dw i ddim sicr - (I’m not certain).  Dw i eisiau’r lle mwya diogel - (I want the safest place).  Yr un lleia peryglus - (the least dangerous one).  Pan o'n i'n ifanc... - (when I was young)... Uncle Elwyn’s off again.  Does dim rhaid i chi benderfynu dros nos - (you don’t have to decide over night), Catrin says.  Elwyn is not sure about his ability to make a decision.  Dw i ddim yn dalentog mewn pethau fel buddsoddi arian - (I’m not talented in things like investing money).  Yr un orau means the best one.  Yr un orau yn y teulu ydy Carol yn Rhydaman - (the cleverest in the family is Carol in Ammanford).  We already know Uncle Elwyn doesn’t like her.  Ond mae hi’n dipyn o boen.   Carol druan - (poor Carol!)