Catchphrase 2001 Wythnos 44

Week 44, Monday.  Today, you'll learn:
fy nghar i, crys, colli, gwlyb

We've been reminding ourselves generally of the soft mutation. There are two other types of mutation, but they are very restricted in terms of use. We’ll now look at the nasal mutation. One of the uses of the nasal mutation is when you talk about things belonging to me. Let’s go through how it works. Ty is a house, so: fy nhy i - (my house). Car: fy nghar i - (my car). Teulu - (family): fy nheulu i - (my family). Gwr - (husband): fy ngwr i - (my husband). Pensil - fy mhensil i - (my pencil). Dosbarth - (class): fy nosbarth i - (my class). A new word is crys, which means shirt, y crys newydd - (the new shirt). We’ve seen the verb colli - (to miss), before. This can also mean to spill, as in drink. 'Dych chi’n collli’r llaeth - (you’re spilling the milk). Gwlyb is the word for wet. Uncle Elwyn, who has been withdrawn from the old people’s home because he never stopped complaining, seems to have got his feet under the table at the Lloyd’s household. This evening, he’s watching the TV with Rhys. 

Listen to the conversation:
Wncl Elwyn - Rhys, wyt ti’n gallu pasio fy nghwpan i?
Rhys - Dyna fe.
Wncl Elwyn - ‘Na fe.  Aa... Rhys, wyt ti’n gallu symud fy nghadair i dipyn bach. Dw i ddim yn gallu gweld y teledu.
Rhys - Dw i’n ceisio edrych ar y rhaglen yma. O’r gorau...
Wncl Elwyn - Aa, dyna ni.  O, mae hiraeth am fy nhy i arna i.
Rhys - Wncl Elwyn!
Wncl Elwyn - Bobl bach, mae fy nghrys i yn wlyb. Rhys, dw i wedi colli fy niod...

Wyt ti’n gallu pasio fy nghwpan i - (can you pass my cup), Uncle Elwyn asks Rhys. The original word is cwpan: fy nghwpan i - (my cup). Unfortunately, there’s no rest for Rhys. Uncle Elwyn then asks him, wyt ti’n gallu symud fy nghadair i dipyn bach - (can you move my chair a bit). The unmutated word here is cadair: fy nghadair i - (my chair). Dw i ddim yn gallu gweld y teledu, Uncle Elwyn complains: I can’t see the TV. Rhys is not pleased: dw i’n ceisio edrych ar y rhaglen yma - (I’m trying to watch this programme). Mae hiraeth am fy nhy i arna fi - (I miss my house), Uncle Elwyn now complains. The interruptions don’t stop there. Bobl bach, Uncle Elwyn exclaims, good heavens. Mae fy nghrys i yn wlyb - (my shirt’s wet). Dw i wedi colli fy niod i - (I’ve spilt my drink). Diod is, of course, the unmutated word. Fy niod i - (my drink). 

Week 44, Tuesday.  Today, you'll learn:
dy gar di, am dy ben di, cribo

We’re revising our mutations at the moment. When we say something belongs to you, we use dy when we’re talking familiarly. Dy enw di - (your name). Dy, of course, takes the soft mutation.  As we said near the beginning of this course, people will usually be able to understand you if you don’t use the mutations, but they do help to ease understanding, so you need to get used to them if you are going to learn to speak Welsh really well. Most fluent Welsh speakers get them wrong pretty regularly, so don’t be disheartened! When you put clothing on in Welsh, you don’t use the preposition ar, you use am. Rhoiais i het am fy mhen - (I put a hat on my head). Some new vocabulary: cribo is to comb. Dw i’n cribo fy ngwallt - (I’m combing my hair). Catrin is planning an outing for the Lloyd family’s youngest member, baby Llinos.   

Listen to the conversation:
Catrin - Nawr te, Llinos. ‘Dyn ni’n mynd i weld Mamgu.
Llinos - Mamgu!
Catrin - Rwyt ti’n hoffi Mamgu on’d wyt ti? Nawr, ble rhoiaist ti dy got di? Aa, dyma hi. 
Rhaid cribo dy wallt di.	Iawn, het am dy ben di, esgidiau am dy draed di. Nawr, ‘dyn ni’n 	barod i fynd. Beth sy’n bod, cariad? O, dw i’n gwybod. Rwyt ti eisiau dy degan di. Dyna ti. 

What does Catrin tell Llinos? ‘Dyn ni’n mynd i weld Mamgu - (we’re going to see Mamgu - grandmother). This obviously delights Llinos. Rwyt ti’n hoffi Mamgu? - (You like Mamgu?) On’d wyt ti? - (don’t you?) Catrin has to get her ready to go. Ble rhoiaist ti dy got di? - (Where did you put your coat?) Cot, dy got di - (your coat). Cot is feminine, so dyma hi - (here it is). Rhaid cribo dy wallt di - (we’ve got to comb your hair). Het am dy ben di - (a hat on your head); esgidiau am dy draed di - (shoes on your feet). ‘Dyn ni’n barod i fynd - (we’re ready to go). One thing missing, though. Beth sy’n bod, cariad - (what’s wrong, love). Rwyt ti eisiau dy degan di - (you want your toy). 

Week 44, Wednesday.  Today, you'll learn:
ei thy hi, oed, dwli ar

The other rare mutation apart from the nasal mutation is the so-called TCP mutation, or aspirate mutation. Why is it called the TCP mutation? Because it only effects T, C, and P. It simply adds an H after each of the letters. T goes to TH, C goes to CH, and P goes to PH. It usually only occurs after ei meaning her. Even though this is a rare mutation, it is important because it distinguishes her from his which, as you will remember, takes the soft mutation. Ei thy hi - (her house). Ei dy e - (his house). We've used the phrase faint o’r gloch ydy hi? before - what’s the time?. The word faint usually means how much or how many, but it can also be used when asking someone’s age. Oed means age, faint ydy ei oed e? literally means what is his age? - or how old is he? Faint ydy eich oed chi? - (how old are you?) If you want to say someone is so many years old, oed is still the word to use. Dw i’n bedwar deg oed - (I’m forty years old). We’ve had the word dwli before meaning nonsense. It can also be used as a verb meaning to be nuts about something. You have to use ar after it. Mae hi’n dwli ar gacennau - (she’s crazy about cakes). Catrin and Llinos are on their way to visit Mamgu when they come across an acquaintance in the street.

Angel bach

Listen to the conversation:
Mrs Smith - Bore da Catrin. Bore da Llinos!
Llinos - Mamgu!
Catrin - Nage. Dim dy famgu di, Llinos!
Mrs Smith - Faint ydy ei hoed hi, nawr, Catrin?
Catrin - Dwy a hanner.
Mrs Smith - Ww, dw i’n dwli ar ei chot las hi. A’i het hi am ei phen bach hi! O, Catrin, mae hi wedi colli ei thegan hi.
Catrin - Mae hi wedi diflasu, dw i’n meddwl.

Llinos seems to think the stranger is Mamgu. Nage - (no). Dim dy famgu, Llinos - (she’s not your Mamgu, Llinos). Faint ydy ei hoed hi? the acquaintance asks Catrin - how old is she? Dwy a hanner - (two and a half).  Age is always feminine. Dw i’n dwli ar ei chot las hi - (I love her blue coat). A’i het hi am ei phen bach hi - (and her hat on her little head). Mae hi wedi colli ei thegan hi - (she’s lost her toy). Catrin thinks there may be another reason why Llinos is crying. Mae hi wedi diflasu - (she’s bored). 

Week 44, Thursday.  Today, you'll learn:
ein ty ni, eich ty chi, cefnder, gofyn, y tro diwethaf, sut wyt ti ers talwm?

Ein ty ni is our house, eich ty chi is your house. The words for both our and your, when you’re talking formally or to more than one person, don’t mutate the noun, so they’re easy to use. We've been  looking at the nasal mutation and this is caused when you talk about something belonging to me. Remember, though, it is also used after yn when you are referring to a location. Yng Nghaerdydd - (in Cardiff). Yng nghar fy nhad i - (in my father’s car). Yn Nhreffynnon - (in Treffynnon, that is, Holywell). If you get, or talk, something from someone, the way to say from is oddi wrth. Dyma lyfr oddi wrth eich mam chi - (this is a book from your mother). Some new vocabulary for you. Cefnder is the word for a male cousin. Gofyn means to ask. We’ve had y flwyddyn ddiwetha - it means last year. Y tro diwethaf means last time. Roedd e’n hwyl y tro diwethaf - (it was fun last time). You’ve heard the phrase sut wyt ti? often enough - how are you? Sut wyt ti ers talwm is a common way of addressing someone you haven’t seen for ages. How have you been all this time? What has Rhys just received and what does it contain?

Listen to the conversation:
Rhys - Dad, dw i newydd gael llythyr oddi wrth Sion, fy nghefnder yng Nghaerfyrddin. Mae e’n gofyn ydw i eisiau mynd i aros i Gaerfyrddin yn yr haf…  “Annwyl Rhys, sut wyt ti ers talwm? Wyt ti eisiau dod i aros i’n ty ni yn yr haf? Wedyn dw i’n gallu dod i aros i’ch ty chi...”
Guto - O, nac ydy, Dydy e ddim! Dw i’n cofio beth ddigwyddodd y tro diwethaf daeth e yma i aros gyda ni!

Dw i newydd gael llythyr oddi wrth Sion - (I’ve just had a letter from Sion), fy nghefnder yng Nghaerfyrddin - (my cousin in Carmarthen). Mae e’n gofyn ydw i eisiau mynd i aros i Gaerfyrddin yn yr haf - (he asks do I want to go and stay in Carmarthen in the summer). Rhys then reads the letter. Annwyl Rhys - (dear Rys). Sut wyt ti ers talwm? - (how have you been all this time?) Wyt ti eisiau dod i aros i’n ty ni yn yr haf? - (do you want to come and stay in our house in the summer?) Wedyn dw i’n gallu dod i aros i’ch ty chi - (then I can come and stay in your house). Guto is not impressed. Dw i’n cofio beth ddigwyddoedd y tro diwethaf - (I remember what happened the last time); y tro diwethaf daeth e yma i aros gyda ni - (the last time he came to stay with us). 

Week 44, Friday.  Today, you'll learn: 
eu ty nhw

There’s one possessive construction we still haven’t revised. The way you refer to something belonging to them. Eu ty nhw - (their house). Like ein and eich, it doesn’t mutate the following consonant, so it’s fairly easy to use. Sut literally means how, but remember you can use it in front of a noun to ask what sort of? In this case, it mutates the word. Sut dywydd gawsoch chi? - (What sort of weather did you have?) Sut gar sy’ gyda chi? - (what sort of car do you have?) New words: atebion. They’re what we all wish we had - answers. Un ateb - (one answer). Atebion - (answers). You’ve often heard the phrase i gyd before in dyna i gyd - (that’s all). It always follows a noun. Y dynion i gyd - (all the men). Y llyfrau i gyd - (all the books). Gwlad is what we belt out when singing the Welsh national anthem. But do you know what it means? Yes, country. Ein gwlad ni - (our country). This evening, Catrin is in her French night class - ei dosbarth nos hi. But I don’t think she’s concentrating as much as she should be.

Listen to the conversation:
Catrin - Ew, roedd y gwaith cartref yn anodd. Oedd e’n anodd i ti, Sandra?
Sandra - Oedd. Ond paid â phoeni. Roedd e’n anodd i bawb. Dw i wedi edrych ar eu gwaith nhw. Does neb yn gwybod yr atebion i gyd!
Catrin - Hmm. Ches i ddim byd fel dy ateb di yng nghwestiwn pump.
Sandra - Cwestiwn pump? O ie, y cwestiwn am y tywydd.
Catrin - O, y tywydd, ife?
Sandra - Ie, sut dywydd ydyn ni’n ‘gael yn ein gwlad ni?
Athro - Catrin et Sandra. Que faites-vous?

Roedd y gwaith cartref yn anodd - (the homework was difficult). Oedd e’n anodd i ti? - (was it difficult for you?) Paid â phoeni - (don’t worry), is the advice. Roedd e’n anodd i bawb - (it was difficult for everyone). Dw i wedi edrych ar eu gwaith nhw - (I’ve looked at their work). Does neb yn gwybod yr atebion i gyd - (no one knows all the answers). Catrin is still worried, though. Ches i ddim byd fel dy ateb di yng nghwestiwn pump - (I didn’t get anything like your answer in question five). Y cwestiwn am y tywydd - (the question about the weather). This in itself takes Catrin by surprise. Sut dywydd ydyn ni’n ‘gael yn ein gwlad ni? - (what sort of weather do we get in our country?) But the two chatterers are then interrupted. 

Test yourself on what you've learnt this week:
1.	My car is?
a)	Fy nheulu i
b)	Fy nghar i
c)	Fy ngwr i

2.	What is the word for chair?
a)	Cwpan
b)	Dosbarth
c)	Cadair

3.	How would you say 'your name'?
a)	Fy enw i
b)	Dy enw di
c)	Ei henw hi

4.	I'm forty years old is?
a)	Dwi'n bedwar deg oed
b)	Dwi'n tri deg oed
c)	Dwi'n pum deg oed

5.	In Cardiff is?
a)	Yn Caerdydd
b)	Yn Ngaerdydd
c)	Yng Nghaerdydd

6.	Night class is?
a)	Dosbarth nos
b)	Dosbarth dydd
c)	Dosbarth prynhawn