GWERS 7	

CYFLWYNYDD:   ANN M. JONES

NOD:	        To look at some personal details.

		Geirfa

		dod	-	to come	

		o	-	from

		yn wreiddiol 	-    	originally 	o ble?    		-	from where?
		
		eich tad			-   	your father	eich mam	-		your mother
	eich gðr	-    	your husband	 eich gwraig	-	your wife

		yn briod		-	married	yn ddibriod	-	     unmarried
	yn sengl	-	single

RHAN 1

	1.	The following questions are familiar to you by now:

(a) 		Pwy ydych chi?	
	-  Who are you? 
			Ann ydw i.	
			- I'm Ann.

			Pwy ydw i?
			- Who am I?
			Nigel ydych chi.
			- You’re Nigel.
		
(b) 		Ble rydych chi'n byw?	
	- Where do you live? 
			Rydw i'n byw yng Ngwenf™	.	
			- I live in Wenvoe

	2.	You'll remember that places beginning with C and P undergo a Nasal 		Mutation when they are used after 'yn' (in).  

		Caerdydd	-	yng Nghaerdyd	Caernarfon	-	yng Nghaernarfon
		Caeathro	-	yng Nghaeathro	Croesyceiliog	-	yng Nghroesyceiliog

		Penarth	-	ym Mhenarth	Pontypridd	-	ym Mhontypridd
		Pwllheli	-	ym Mhwllheli	Porthmadog	-	ym Mhorthmadog

	The same thing happens with names beginning with T,G, B and D.   	Don't worry too much about this - try to learn some place names after 	'yn' parrot fashion.
		
		Treorci	-	yn Nhreorci	Trawsfynydd	-	yn Nhrawsfynydd
		Tywyn	-	yn Nhywyn	Tonypandy	-	yn Nhonypandy

		Dyfed	-	yn Nyfed	Dogellau	-	yn Nolgellau
		Deganwy	-	yn Neganwy	Dinas Powys	-	yn Ninas Powys

		Bedwas	-	ym Medwas	Benllech	-	ym Menllech
		Bangor	-	ym Mangor	Brynmawr	-	ym Mrynmawr

		Gwenf™	-	yng Ngwenf™	Glandðr	-	yng Nglandðr
		Gwynedd	-	yng Ngwynedd	Gwent	-	yng Ngwent	

	3.	The preposition 'o' also causes a Mutation at the beginning of words 		which follow it.  It is called a Soft Mutation and it is different from the 		Nasal Mutation caused by the preposition  'yn'.  Here are some 			examples.  Again - my advice is to learn a few, parrot fashion.

	Caerdydd	-	o Gaerdydd	Caerffili	-	o Gaerffili
	Caer 	-	o Gaer	Conwy	-	o Gonwy	

	Powys	-	o Bowys	Pennal	- 	o Bennal
	Paris	-	o Baris	Pentraeth	-	o Bentraeth

	Trefforest	-	o Drefforest	Talgarth	- 	o Dalgarth
	Tywyn	-	o Dywyn	Tregaron	-	o Dregaron

	Dyfed	-	o Ddyfed	Dinbych	- 	o Ddinbych
	Dowlais	-	o Ddowlais	Dwyran	-	o Ddwyran

	Bangor	-	o Fangor	Bedwar	-	o Fedwas
	Bethel	-	o Fethel	Betws -y- Coed-	o Fetws- y- Coed

	Gwent	-	o Went	Gwynedd	-	o Wynedd
	Glandyfi	-	o Landyfi	Glandðr	-	o  Landðr

	Llandudno	-	o Landudno	Llanrwst	-	o Lanrwst
	Llandegla	-	o Landegla	Lledrod	-	o Ledrod

	Rhiwabon	-	o Riwabon	Rhiwbeina	-	o Riwbeina
	Rhostyllen	-	o Rostyllen	Rhosili	-	o Rosili

	4.	Some placenames have the definite article (the) in front of them.	

		e.g.	Y Barri		Y Bala		Yr Wyddgrug  (Mold)

			'y' 	is used in front of a consonant
			'yr' 	is used in front of a vowel
			' 'r ' 	is used after a vowel (in front of both vowels and 				consonants)

			o'r Barri	            o'r Bala	      o'r Wyddgrug

5.	Some questions and answers:

			O ble r(yd)ych chi'n dod?
		- From where do you come?
		      (often heard in English	-   Where do you come from?)
		(Ry)dw i'n dod o Gaerdydd.
		- I come from Cardiff.

		O ble r(yd)ych chi'n dod yn wreiddiol?
		- From where do you come originally?
		‘Dw i'n dod o'r Bala'n wreiddiol.
- I come from Bala originally.

		O ble (ry)dw i'n dod?
		- From where do I come ?
		R(yd)ych chi'n dod o Wenf™.
- You come from Wenvoe

	6	Compare these pairs of sentences:

			‘Dw i’n dod o Faesteg yn wreiddiol.
  ‘Dw i’n byw ym Maesteg nawr.

	R’ych chi’n dod o Borthyrhyd.
  R’ych chi’n gweithio ym Mhorthyrhyd.

  Rwyt ti’n dod o Gaerffili.
  Rwyt ti’n byw yng Nghaerffili nawr.

RHAN 2

	1.	Let’s speak about other people

		O ble mae Colin yn dod yn wreiddiol?
		- From where does Colin come originally?
		Mae e'n (Mae o'n) dod o Fangor.
		- He comes from Bangor.

		O ble mae eich mam yn dod yn wreiddiol?
		- From where does your mother come originally?
		Mae hi'n dod o Ddyfed.
		- She comes from Dyfed.

	2.	Direct questions

				Ydych chi?	-       Are you / Do you?	
				Ydw!			-       Yes I am / do			
			Nac ydw	        	-	No I’m not / don’t

		Ydych chi'n dod o Gaerdydd yn wreiddiol?
		- Do you come from Cardiff originally?
		Ydw ('dw i'n dod o Gaerdydd).
		- Yes (I come from Cardiff).

		Ydych chi'n byw ym Maesteg? 
		- Do you live in Maesteg?
		Ydw ('dw i'n byw ym Maesteg).
		- Yes (I live in Maesteg).

		Nac ydw ('dw i ddim yn byw ym Maesteg). ‘Dw i’n byw yn Nolgellau.
		- No (I don't live in Maesteg). I live in Dolgellau.

		Ydych chi'n hoffi gweithio yn y BBC?
		- Do you like working in the BBC?
		Ydw wir.
		- Yes, indeed.

	3.	A typical (??) conversation							
		Mair:		Mair ydw i.  Pwy ydych chi?
		Tom:		O - Tom ydw i.
		Mair:		Ble rydych chi'n byw, Tom?
		Tom:		'Dw i'n byw ym Mangor nawr, ond 'dw i'n dod o 					Aberystwyth yn wreiddiol.  O ble rydych chi'n dod, 					Mair?
		Mair:		'Dw i'n dod o Gaernarfon yn wreiddiol ond 'dw i'n 					byw yn Nolgellau nawr.   Ydych chi'n briod Tom?
		Tom:		Ydw.
		Mair:		O ble mae eich gwraig yn dod?
		Tom:		Mae hi'n dod o Landudno.  Ydych chi'n briod?
		Mair:		Nac ydw - 'dw i ddim yn briod.   ‘Dw i'n sengl.