GWERS 57

CYFLWYNYDD:    ANN M. JONES

NOD:       Cymharu pobl, pethau a lleoedd  (Comparing people, things and 
                 places  -  by using the Equative Degree of the adjective).

	Geirfa

		tal			-	tall	byr	-	short
		tenau			-	thin	tew		-	fat
		golau		-		light, fair	tywyll		-	dark
		swnllyd		-	noisy		tawel 		-	quiet
		ifanc			-	young		hen		- 	old
		da		-     	good	drwg	-     	bad, naughty  	
		mawr 		-     	big, large	bach 	-     	small, little

		pell		-	far		agos			-	near, close to
		brwnt (SW)  	-		dirty		gl‰n		-	clean
		budr (NW)	 			prysur			-	busy
		gwledig	-		rural		diwydiannol	-	industrial  	
		sych	-		dry		gwlyb			-	wet
		oer           		-		cold		poeth			-	hot
	 	diddorol  		-	interesting	diflas		-	boring
	 	melys       	-		sweet	sur		-	sour
		meddal	-		soft 		caled        	-	hard, difficult			byr	-		short		hir            	-	long
		llaethog		-	milky

		eleni		-     	this year	y llynedd	-      		last year
		rhaglen   f		-     	programme	ffilm  f	-      		film
	 	drama  f 		-     	play		nofel  f		-      		novel

RHAN I

	1.	mor .….. ‰ / ag           -         as .….. as

			mor dal ‰ / ag		-	as tall as
			mor fyr ‰ / ag		-        	as short as
			mor denau ‰ / ag	-   	as thin as
			mor dew ‰ / ag 	 	- 	as fat as

	2.	Notice the Soft Mutation after ‘mor’

			tenau	-		mor denau â / ag
			pell	-		mor bell â / ag
			melys	-		mor felys â / ag
			golau	-		mor olau â / ag

	3.	‘‰’ is used in front of a consonant and ‘ag’ is used in front of a vowel.

			mor dew â mochyn
			mor dew ag eliffant
			mor bell â Llundain
			mor bell ag Aberaeron

	4.	Notice that '‰' causes an Aspirate Mutation in any word that follows it

	      		c    >    ch
			p   >    ph
				t    >    th

		mor bell ‰ Chaerffili
		mor swnllyd ‰ Phontypridd
		mor l‰n ‰ Thywyn

	5.	Examples

	(a)	Describing people

			Mae Bob yn dal.
			- Bob is tall.
			Mae Tom mor dal ‰ Bob (mor dal ag e).
			- Tom is as tall as Bob (as tall as he).	

	 		Roedd Marilyn Monroe yn olau.
	 		- Marilyn Monroe was fair.
	 		Roedd Jayne Mansfield mor olau ‰ Marilyn Monroe / hi.
	 		- Jayne Mansfield was as fair as Marilyn Monroe / her (she).

			Mae Bill yn dew.
            		- Bill is fat.
			Ydy! Mae e mor dew ag eliffant!
	 		- Yes! He's as fat as an eliffant!

	 		Mae Mair yn swnllyd.
	  		- Mair is noisy.
	  		Dydy Si‰n ddim mor swnllyd ‰ Mair (hi).
	   		- Si‰n isn't as noisy as Mair (she).

	(b)	Describing places

	Mae Llundain yn bell o Gaerdydd.
		- London is far from Cardiff.
		Mae Wolverhampton mor bell ‰ Llundain o Gaerdydd.
		- Wolverhampton is as far as London from Cardiff.
	      	   					
		Mae Caernarfon yn agos i Fangor.
	 	- Caernarfon is near to Bangor.
	 	Dydy Aberystwyth ddim mor agos ‰ Chaernarfon.
	  	- Aberystwyth isn't as near as Caernarfon.

	  	Dydy Llandudno ddim mor ddiwydiannol ‰ Phort Talbot.
	   	- Llandudno isn't as industrial as PortTalbot. 
	   	Mae Aberhonddu mor wledig ag Aberaeron.
	    	- Brecon is as rural as Aberaeron.

 
RHAN 2

	1.	Describing things

		 	Mae car Cennard mor swnllyd ‰ char Basil.
	  	- Cennard's car is as noisy as Basil's car.

	  	Doedd y tywydd ddoe ddim mor oer ‰ heddiw.
	   	- The weather yesterday wasn't as cold as today.

	  	Dydy 'War and Peace' ddim mor ddiddorol ‰ 'Dr Zhivago'.
	   	- 'War and Peace' isn't as interesting as 'Dr Zhivago'.

	  	Dydy siocled tywyll ddim mor felys ‰ siocled llaethog.
	   	- Dark chocolate isn't as sweet as milk chocolate. 
	   	Ydy leim mor sur ‰ lemwn?  -  Ydy!
	    	- Is lime as sour as a lemon?  -  Yes!

		
	2.	Some adjectives are irregular and so must be learnt separately.

		da		cystal ‰ / ag	-      as good as
		drwg		cynddrwg ‰ / ag 	-      as bad / naughty as
		mawr 		cymaint ‰ / ag 	-      as big / much as
		bach 		cyn lleied ‰ / ag 	-      as small / little as

	Oedd y parti eleni cystal ‰'r llynedd?
	 - Was the party this year as good as last year?

	Mae Tom cynddrwg ‰ Si™n.
	- Tom is as bad (naughty) as Si™n.

	Ydy Llundain cymaint ‰ Pharis?
	- Is London as big as Paris?

	Dydy Tregaron ddim cyn lleied ‰ Llanuwchllyn.
	- Tregaron isn't as small as Llanuwchllyn.