GWERS 52

CYFLWYNYDD:    CENNARD DAVIES

NOD:     S™n am y dyfodol   (Talking about the future)

	Geirfa

		cau	- 	to close	cyrraedd		- 	to arrive at, reach
		agor		- 	to open	s™n am		- 	to chat about
		dechrau		- 	to begin	gadael		- 	to leave, depart
		cychwyn		- 	to start	gorffen		-	to finish
			ymddeol			-	to retire		priodi		-	to marry
			siarad			-	to speak 		siopa		-	to shop
			bwrw glaw		-		to rain		bwrw eira	-	to snow

			dyfodol		- 	future 		bore yfory	- 	tomorrow morning
		yfory		- 	tomorrow		nos yfory		- 	tomorrow night, evening
		prynhawn		- 	tomorrow 		heno		-	tonight			            yfory		                afternoon  				  
		cyngerdd		- 	concert		cyfarfod		- 	meeting				parti		- 	party		pwyllgor		- 	committee meeting
		pen - blwydd	-	birthday		ci	-		dog

		rhugl		-	fluent		hapus	-		happy
		cymylog		-	cloudy		gwyntog	-		windy	
		braf		-	fine		sych		-	dry

		g�m rygbi    	- 	rugby match	
		g�m b�l-droed  - 	football match					 
		g�m hoci		-    	hockey match

		yr wythnos nesa(f)  f 	- 	next week	
		y mis nesa(f)	- 	next month
		y flwyddyn nesa(f)  f	- 	next year

		nos Sul nesa(f)  f	- 	next Sunday night (evening)
		nos Lun nesa’  f	- 	next Monday night (evening)

		ddydd Mawrth nesa’	-	next Tuesday	
		ddydd Sadwrn nesa’  	- 	next Saturday 					ddydd Mawrth nesa’	- 	next Tuesday	

RHAN 1

	1.	Fe / Mi fydd ...	-	... will be / shall be

	In our last lesson, we saw the 3rd person singular form of the verb 'to be' 
	in the Future Tense

		Fe fydd y tr�n yn gadael am saith o'r gloch.
		- The train will be leaving at seven o'clock.

		Mi fydd y siop yn agor am ddau o'r gloch.
		- The shop will be opening at two o'clock.

		Fe fydd y gêm bêl-droed yn dechrau am dri o’r gloch.
		- The football match will be starting at three o’clock.

	Remember that the concept of weather is feminine so we use the 		pronoun 'hi' to convey 'it'

		Fe fydd hi'n braf yfory.
		- It will be fine tomorrow.

		Mi fydd hi'n bwrw glaw bore yfory.
		- It will be raining tomorrow morning.

		Fe fydd hi'n sych nos yfory.
		- It will be dry tomorow night.

	2.	 Fe / Mi fyddaf i	- 	I will be / shall be

	As you know, we're very lazy about pronouncing an 'f' at the end of a word 	which consists of more that one syllable

		Fe fydda' i'n mynd i gyngerdd nos yfory.
		- I shall be going to a concert tomorrow night.

		Mi fydda' i'n chwarae rygbi ddydd Sadwrn.
		- I'll be playing rugby on Saturday.

	3.	Fe / Mi fyddwn ni 	   - 	We will be / shall be

		Fe fyddwn ni'n mynd i gyfarfod bore yfory.
		- We'll be going to a meeting tomorrow morning.

		Mi fyddwn ni'n mynd i'r parti mewn tacsi.
		- We'll be going to the party in a taxi.

		Fe fyddwn ni'n chwarae yn Abertawe nos Fercher.
		- We'll be playing in Swansea (on) Wednesday night.

	3.	Notice the difference between

		 	i barti		- 	to a party
			  i'r parti		- 	to the party
		
	        	i bwyllgor		- 	to a committee meeting
		  	i'r pwyllgor	- 	to the committee meeting

	As you know 'i' causes a Soft Mutation except in 'borrowed' words

			g�m		- 	i g�m
			garej		- 	i garej

RHAN 2

	1.	The key word when dealing with age is 'oed'

			dwy oed		-      	2 years of age / old	
			tair oed 	 		-   	3 years of age 
			pedair oed		-      	4 years of age	
			pump oed		-    	5 years of age
			chwech oed		-	6 years of age
			saith oed		-      	7 years of age	
			wyth oed		-	8 years of age
			naw oed		-	9 years of age
			deg oed	 	-      10 years of age

	Remember to use the feminine form of the numerals  2, 3 and 4 
	When we talk of age, the word we use for 'year(s)' is 'blwydd'  ( not 
	‘blwyddyn’) 

	Notice especially

			blwydd oed	   - 	a year old / 12 months old

		Fe fydd Bethan yn flwydd oed ddydd Llun nesa’.
		- Bethan will be 12 month / a year old next Monday.

	The word ‘blwydd’  is also used with numbers when talking of age  -  and you 	might well hear these fuller versions 

			dwy flwydd oed		
			tair blwydd oed 	 	 
			pedair blwydd oed	
			pump mlwydd oed	
			chwe blwydd oed	
			saith mlwydd oed	
			naw mlwydd oed	
			deng mlwydd oed	

		Mi fydd Siân yn dair blwydd oed yfory.
		- Siân will be three years old tomorrow.

		Fe fydd e (o)’n ddeng mlwydd oed ym mis Awst.
		- He’ll be ten years old in August.

	But in order to avoid the mutations, it’s far easier to use the shorter versions
	- leaving out the word ‘blwydd’ 

		Mi fydd Siân yn dair oed yfory.
		- Siân will be three years old tomorrow.

		Fe fydd e (o)’n ddeg oed ym mis Awst.
		- He’ll be ten years old in August.

	And shorter still, we can merely use the number  -   just as we do in English,

		Fe fydd hi’n naw yr wythnos nesa’.
		- She’ll be nine next week.

		Mi fydd y babi’n flwydd yfory.
		- The baby will be twelve months (old) tomorrow.

	3.	Fe / Mi fyddi di		- 	You will be / shall be
	Fe / Mi fyddwch chi		- 	You will be / shall be

		Fe fyddi di'n bump oed y mis nesa'.
		- You'll be five years of age next month.

		Mi fyddwch chi'n naw oed yr wythnos nesa'
		- You'll be nine years old next week.

		Fe fydd hi'n wyth oed ddydd Mercher nesa'.
		- She'll be eight years of age next Wednesday.

	3.	ymhen	-	in   (+ a time element)

			ymhen awr		- 	in an hour ('s time)
			ymhen wythnos		- 	in a week ('s time)
			ymhen pythefnos		- 	in a fortnight ('s time)				ymhen blwyddyn		- 	in a year ('s time)

			ymhen amser		- 	in time

		Fe fydd y bws yn gadael ymhen awr.
		- The bus will be leaving in an hour's time.

		Fe fyddan nhw'n priodi ymhen mis.
		- They will be getting married in a month's time.

		Fe fydda' i'n siarad Cymraeg yn rhugl ymhen amser.
		- I'll be speaking Welsh fluently in time.

		Ymhen blwyddyn, mi fyddwn ni'n ymddeol.
		- In a year's time, we will be retiring.

	4.	Fe / Mi fyddan nhw	 	- 	They will be

		Fe fyddan nhw'n chwarae rygbi ddydd Sadwrn.
		- They will be playing rugby on Saturday.

		Fy fyddan nhw'n cyrraedd Llundain am dri o'r gloch.
		- They will be arriving in London at three o'clock.

		Mi fyddan nhw'n mynd i barti nos yfory.
		- They will be going to a party tomorrow night.

	5.	We could ask questions, of course

			Ble bydd Tom a Bethan yn mynd yfory?  -  I Fangor.
			- Where will Tom and Bethan be going tomorrow?  -  To Bangor.

			Sut byddan nhw’n teithio?  -  Ar y trên.
			- How will they be travelling?  -  By train.

			Pryd byddan nhw’n dod adre’?  -  Ddydd Gwener.
			- When will they be coming home?  -  On Friday.

 	6.	Negative forms

		As the little words ‘Fe / Mi’ introduce a positive statement, they are not 			used in the negative

			Fydda(f) i ddim 		- 	I won't be / shall not be
			Fyddi di ddim		- 	You won't be
			Fydd e(o) / hi ddim	- 	He/she won't be
			Fydd Tom ddim		- 	Tom won't be
			Fydd y plant ddim	- 	The children won't be

			Fyddwn ni ddim		- 	We won't be
			Fyddwch chi ddim	- 	You won't be
			Fyddan nhw ddim	- 	They won't be

		Fydda' i ddim yn y cyfarfod nos yfory.
		- I shan't be in the meeting tomorrow night.

		Fyddan nhw ddim yn mynd i'r g�m.
		- They won't be going to the game.

		Fyddwch chi ddim yn cael parti pen - blwydd oed yfory.
		- You won't be having a birthday party tomorrow.