GWERS 46

CYFLWYNYDD:    BASIL DAVIES

NOD:	    Trafod pa mor aml . . . (how often).

	Geirfa

		bil trydan		-		electric bill	bil ff™n	-		telephone bill
		bil llaeth		-		milk bill 	bil nwy	-		gas bill
		bil papur		-		paper bill 	

		wythnos  f	-		week		mis	-	month

		gðr			-		husband		gwraig	-		wife
		brawd			-		brother		chwaer  f	-		sister
		rhieni			-		parents		teulu	-		family

		cig			-		meat		bara		-	bread
		llestri			-		dishes	llyfrgell  f	-	library
		lawnt  f		-		lawn		gwasanaeth	-	service
		lolfa  f			-		lounge

		newid			-		to change	smwddio		-	to iron
		pysgota		-		to fish		peintio	-		to paint
		addurno		-		to decorate 	mynd ‰		-	to take
		golchi			-		to wash		symyd (tþ)	-		to move (house)
		pobi			-		to bake		torri	-		to cut, break
		talu				-	to pay		mynd â	-		to take
		gwrando ar		-	to listen to	edrych ar	-		to look at

		yn aml		-		often		yn rheolaidd	-	regularly
		yn anaml		-		infrequently

		am dro		-		for a walk 	ar gefn beic	-	on a bike
		newydd 	sbon	-		brand new 	weithiau	-	sometimes
		ambell waith	-		occasionally 	fel teulu	-		as a family
		i ffwrdd		-		away

RHAN 1

	1.	Pa mor aml?	  -	How often?

	When ‘How?’ is used with an adjective, we use  ‘Pa mor…?’ in Welsh. Notice
	we don’t use  ‘Sut? (Shwt?)’ , which you’ve seen used with a verb in 	such questions as:

		Sut rydych chi?
- How are you?

		Sut roedd y tywydd yn Sbaen?
		- How was the weather in Spain?

		Sut aeth y plant i’r parti?
		- How did the children go to the party?

	With an adjective we must use  ‘Pa mor…?’

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n talu'r bil trydan?
		- How often do you pay the electricity bill?

		Pa mor aml mae Mary'n talu'r bil llaeth?
		- How often does Mary pay the milk bill?

		Pa mor aml maen nhw'n talu'r bil nwy?
		- How often do they pay the gas bill?

	2.	Replies

			bob mis			-	every month
			bob dau fis			-	every two months
			bob tri mis			-	every three months
			bob chwarter		-	every quarter

			bob wythnos		-	every week
			bob pythefnos	-	every fortnight
			bob tair wythnos 	-	every three weeks
			bob pedair wythnos	-	every four weeks

		Pa mor aml maen nhw'n talu'r bil trydan?
		- How often do they pay the electricity bill?
		(Maen nhw'n talu'r bil trydan) bob tri mis / bob chwarter.
		- (They pay the electricity bill) every three months / every quarter.

		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n talu'r bil llaeth?
		- How often do you pay the milk bill?
		('Dw i'n talu'r bil llaeth) bob wythnos.
		- (I pay the milk bill) every week.

	3.	Notice how we convey such expressions as 'going swimming / going 			shopping / going running'. We place ‘i’ (‘to’) between the two verb nouns.

			mynd i nofio		-	to go swimming / to go to swim
			mynd i siopa		-	to go shopping / to go to shop
			mynd i redeg		-	to go running / to go to run

		As you can see the two forms ‘going to swim’ and ‘going swimming’
	are conveyed by the same phrase in Welsh  -  ‘mynd i nofio’

	4.	All sorts of questions can follow 'Pa mor aml?'

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n mynd i nofio?
		- How often do you go swimming?

		Pa mor aml mae eich gðr yn mynd i redeg?
		- How often does your husband go running?

		Pa mor aml mae eich gwraig yn prynu cig / bara?
		- How often does your wife buy meat / bread?

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n mynd allan i fwyta?
		- How often do you go out to eat?

		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n chwarae rygbi?
	- How often do you play rugby?

		Pa mor aml mae dy blant yn mynd i Barc y Rh‰th?
		- How often do your children go to Roath Park?

		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n prynu petrol?
		- How often do you buy petrol?
	
		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n newid dy gar?
		- How often do you change your car?

		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n gweld dy rieni / frawd / chwaer?
		- How often do you see your parents / brother / sister?

		Pa mor aml mae dy wraig / Mary'n smwddio?
		- How often does your wife / Mary iron?

	5.	Some more replies

			bob dydd			-	every day
			bob prynhawn		-	every afternoon
			bob bore				-	every morning
			bob nos				-	every night
			bob blwyddyn		-	every year

	Learn the following ‘parrot fashion’

			bob dwy flynedd	-	every two years
			bob tair blynedd		-	every three years
			bob pedair blynedd	-	every four years
			bob pum mlynedd	-	every five years

RHAN 2

	1.	Look at the following two words:

						gwaith  (masculine)	-	work
						gwaith  (feminine)	-	time, occasion

		When we want to convey different numbers of occasions, we base our  pattern on  the feminine word  ‘gwaith’ 

			unwaith				-	once
	dwywaith			-	twice
	tair gwaith			-	three times
	pedair gwaith			-	four times
	2.	In Welsh , we add  ‘the day’, ‘the year’, ‘the week’ etc. whereas in 			English we say ‘ a day’, ‘a year’, ‘a week’ etc. 		

			unwaith y dydd			-	once a day
			unwaith yr wythnos		-	once a week
			unwaith y mis				-	once a month
			unwaith y flwyddyn		-	once a year

	3.	When used adverbially in a sentence, these expressions undergo a Soft 		Mutation

			ddwywaith y mis	-	twice a month
			dair gwaith y flwyddyn	-	three times a year
			bedair gwaith y dydd	-	four times a day.

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n peintio'r tþ?
		- Unwaith y flwyddyn.
		- Bob blwyddyn.

		Pa mor aml mae John yn mynd i bysgota?
		- Unwaith y mis.

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n addurno'r tþ?
		- Bob dwy flynedd.

		Pa mor aml mae dy wraig yn siopa?
		- Ddwywaith yr wythnos.

		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n prynu petrol?
		- Dair gwaith yr wythnos.

	4.	Other useful expressions

			yn aml				-	often, frequently
			yn aml iawn			-	very often, very frequently
			yn eitha' aml			-	quite often, quite frequently

			yn anaml			-	not often, infrequently
			ddim yn aml (iawn)	-	not (very) often

	
		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n golchi'r llestri?  -  Ddim yn aml iawn / Yn anaml.
		- How often do you wash the dishes?  -  Not very often / Infrequently.

		Pa mor aml mae'r plant yn mynd i'r parc  -  Yn eitha' aml.
		- How often do the children go to the park?  -  Quite often.

		Dydw i ddim yn mynd i siopa'n aml iawn.
		- I don't go shopping very often.

		Dydyn nhw ddim yn peintio'r tþ'n aml.
		- They don't paint the house often.

	5.	byth      -	never

		This is used in a negative sentence to convey 'never' and it takes the 	place of 'ddim'

		'Dw i byth yn chwarae golff.
		- I never play golf.

		Dydy Mary byth yn gwylio 'Match of the Day'.
		- Mary never watches 'Match of the Day'.

	6.	Another useful expression which doesn't commit you to accuracy of 		frequency is 

			nawr ac yn y man    -    now and then / now and again

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n mynd i Lundain?  -  O, nawr ac yn y man!
		- How often do you go to London?  -  Oh, now and again.

	7.	 How would you respond to the following questions?

		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n golchi'r car?
		Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n prynu car newydd sbon?
		Pa mor aml mae Mary'n smwddio?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n peintio'r lolfa?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n mynd i Fangor / i Gaerdydd?
		Pa mor aml mae hi'n mynd i'r capel / eglwys?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n gweld eich brawd / chwaer?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n symud tþ?
		Pa mor aml maen nhw'n mynd i'r llyfrgell?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n mynd a'r plant i nofio?
		Pa mor aml mae e'n mynd ar gefn beic?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n pobi bara?
		Pa mor aml mae'r plant yn bwyta sglodion?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n torri'r lawnt?
		Pa mor aml mae'r car yn cael gwasanaeth?
		Pa mor aml mae Cennard yn mynd i lan y m™r?
			Pa mor aml rwyt ti'n mynd ‰'r ci am dro?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n edrych ar ‘Eastenders’?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n gwrando ar ‘Catchphrase’?
		Pa mor aml rydych chi'n prynu record / CD?