GWERS 26

CYFLWYNYDD:   ANN M. JONES

NOD:	To look again at the Past Perfect Tense  and see what we have and                 	have not done.

	Geirfa

		prynu		-	to buy	talu (am)	-	to pay (for)
		torri	-	to break	deall			-	to understand
		bod		-	to be	gorffen	-	to finish
		ymweld ‰ (ag)	-			to visit		dysgu	-	to learn	
		cael		-	to have	ffonio	-	to telephone
		hedfan	-		to fly	cloi			-	to lock
		penderfynu	-		to decide	cyrraedd	-	to arrive, reach
		gweld	-		to see

		ffenest(ri)	-		window(s)	cwestiwn	-	question
		cinio	-	dinner	pwdin	-	pudding
		annwyd	-	a cold 		y gwaith	-	the work
		llythyr	-	letter		bachgen	-	boy
		rhaglen	-	programme	tocynnau	-	tickets
		bil	-	bill		trydan	-	electricity
		ff™n	-	telephone	nwy	-	gas

		yr wythnos 'ma	-		this week 	eleni	-	this year
							
		Ffrainc	- 	France		Sbaen	-	Spain
		Cymraeg		-	Welsh

		newydd		-	new 	prysur	-	busy

		o'r blaen		-	before,	gyda		-	with
					previously
		chwaith		-	either	hefyd		-	too, also
		eto		-	yet 	yn rhy		-	too, exceedingly
	
		ar ei wyliau		-	on (his) holiday 
		ar eu gwyliau	-	on (their) holiday

RHAN 1

1. 	(a)	Rydw i  (‘dw i) yn….	-	I am….
		Rydw i  (‘dw i) wedi …..	-	I have….

	Notice that all we need to do to change a sentence from the 			Present Tense to the Perfect Tense is change 'yn' to 'wedi'.  It is 		NOT possible to have both 'yn' and 'wedi' in the same sentence.

		Rydw i'n darllen		-	I am reading
		Rydw i wedi darllen	-	I have read

			'Dw i wedi prynu car newydd.
			- I have bought a new car.

			‘Dw i wedi ateb y llythyr.
			-  I have answered the letter.

	(b)	Dydw i (‘dw i) ddim yn….	-	I’m not….
		 Dydw i  (‘dw i) ddim wedi….	-	I haven’t….

			'Dw i ddim wedi  talu am y car eto.
			- I haven't paid for the car yet.

			‘Dw i ddim wedi darllen y papur y bore ‘ma.
			I haven’t read the paper this morning.

	(c)	Ydw i’n…?			-		Am I …?
	Ydw i wedi…?	-		Have I …?

			Ydw i wedi  torri'r ffenest?
			- Have I broken the window?

			Ydw i wedi talu’r bil trydan?
			- Have I paid the electricity bill?

	(ch)	Because both Present and Perfect Tense questions begin with 
		'Ydw i?', the replies are the same.

			Ydych (polite)  /  Wyt (familiar) 	-	   Yes (you have)
			Nac ydych  /  Nac wyt			-	    No (you haven't)

			Ydw i wedi torri'r ffenest?  -  Wyt / Ydych.
			- Have I broken the window?  -  Yes (you have).

	Ydw i wedi talu?  -  Nac wyt / Nac ydych.
		- Have I paid?  -  No (you haven't).

2. 	(a)	Rwyt ti wedi ….	-		You have …. (familiar singular)
			Rydych chi wedi ….	-		You have …. (polite singular)

			Rwyt ti wedi dysgu Cymraeg. 
				- You've learnt Welsh.

			Rydych chi wedi  gorffen y gwaith .
				- You've finished the work.

	(b)	Dwyt ti ddim wedi ….	-	You haven't ….
		Dydych chi ddim wedi ….	-	You haven't ….

			Dwyt ti ddim wedi gweld Bob. 
			- You haven't seen Bob. 

			Dydych chi ddim wedi  talu’r bil nwy.
			- You haven't paid the gas bill.

(c)	Wyt ti wedi …?		-	      Have you …? 
		Ydych chi wedi …?	-	      Have you …?

			Wyt ti wedi dysgu'r gwaith?	
			- Have you learnt the work?

			Ydych chi wedi  talu'r bil ff™n?	
			- Have you paid the 'phone bill?

	(ch)	Ydw		-		Yes (I  have)
		Nac ydw	-		No (I  haven't)

			Wyt ti wedi dysgu'r gwaith?  -  Ydw.
			- Have you learnt the work?  -  Yes (I have).

			Ydych chi wedi  talu'r bil ff™n?	 -  Nac ydw - ddim eto.
			- Have you paid the 'phone bill?  -  No (I haven’t)  -  not yet.

RHAN 2

	1.	(a)	Mae Tom  / e(o) / hi wedi ….		-	Tom / he / she has ….

			Mae'r bachgen wedi cael cinio.
			- The boy has had lunch.

			Mae Mair wedi mynd adre.
				- Mair has gone home.

		(b)	Dydy Tom / e(o) / hi ddim wedi ….	-     Tom / he / she hasn't ….

			Mae'r bachgen wedi cael cinio ond dydy e (o) ddim wedi cael 			pwdin.
			- The boy has had lunch but he hasn't had pudding.

			Dydy hi ddim wedi mynd i'r gwely.
			- She hasn't gone to bed.

	(c)	Ydy Tom / e (o) / hi wedi …?		-	Has Tom / he / she …?

			Ydy Cennard wedi ffonio heddiw?	
			- Has Cennard  telephoned today?
	
			Ydy'r rhaglen wedi bod?	
			- Has the programme been?	

	(ch)	Ydy		-		Yes (he / she / it has )
		Nac ydy	-		No (he / she / it / hasn't )

			Ydy Cennard wedi ffonio?  -  Nac ydy
			- Has Cennard  telephoned?  -  No (he hasn't)

			Ydy'r rhaglen wedi bod?  - Ydy.
			- Has the programme been?  -  Yes (it has).

	(d)	Remember that we must use a plural ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ if we are 			enquiring about more than on person in our question.

			Ydy Tom a Mair wedi cyrraedd?  - Ydyn.
			- Have Tom and Mair arrived? - Yes (they have).

			Ydy’r plant wedi mynd i’r ysgol?  -  Nac ydyn.
			-  Have the children gone to school?  -  No (they haven’t).

	2.	(a) 	Rydyn ni wedi ….	-	We have ….

			Rydyn ni wedi bod yn Ffrainc.
			- We've been in (to) France.

			Rydyn ni wedi deall.
			- We have understood.

	(b)	Dydyn ni ddim wedi ….	-	We haven't ….

			Dydyn ni ddim wedi bod yn Sbaen.
			- We haven't been in (to) Spain.

			Dydyn ni ddim wedi hedfan o’r blaen.
			- We haven’t flown before.

	(c)	Ydyn ni wedi …?	-	Have we …?

			Ydyn ni wedi talu am y tocynnau?
			- Have we paid for the tickets? 

			Ydyn ni wedi gorffen?
			- Have we finished?

	(ch)	You’ll remember from the Present Tense that ‘we’ questions can be 
		answered in two ways, depending on whether the person addressed
		is included in the ‘we’ group.

			Ydyn / Ydych 	-	Yes (we have / you have)
			Nac ydyn / Nac ydych 	-	No (we haven't / you haven't)

			Ydyn ni wedi talu?  - Ydyn / Ydych.
			- Have we paid?  - Yes ( we have / you have).

		          Ydyn ni wedi gorffen?  -  Nac ydyn / Nac ydych.
			- Have we finished?  -  No (we haven’t / you haven’t).

	3.	(a)	Rydych chi wedi….	-	You have….     (plural)

			Rydych chi wedi dysgu Cymraeg.
			- You have learnt Welsh.

			Rydych chi wedi penderfynu mynd i Sbaen.
			- You have decided to go to Spain.

	(b)	Dydych chi ddim wedi ….	-	You haven’t….      (plural)

			Dydych chi ddim wedi cloi’r car.
			- You haven’t locked the car.

			Dydych chi ddim wedi deall.
			- You haven’t understood.

	(c)	Ydych chi wedi …?	-	Have you…?   (plural)

			Ydych chi wedi cael cinio?
			- Have you had lunch?

			Ydych chi wedi darllen ‘War and Peace’?
			- Have you read ‘War and Peace’?
	(ch)	Ydyn	-		Yes (we have)
		Nac ydyn	-	                  No (we haven’t)

			Ydych chi wedi cael cinio?  -  Nac ydyn, ddim eto.
			- Have you had lunch?  -  No (we haven’t), not yet.

			Ydych chi wedi darllen ‘War and Peace’?  -  Ydyn.
			- Have you read ‘War and Peace’?  -  Yes (we have).

4.		(a)	Maen nhw wedi ….		-	They have ….

			Maen nhw wedi prynu car newydd.
				- They've bought a new car.

				Maen nhw wedi mynd i Fflorida.
				- They’ve gone to Florida.

		(b)	 Dydyn nhw ddim wedi ….	-	They haven't ….

			Dydyn nhw ddim wedi darllen y 'Times' heddiw.
				- They haven't read 'The Times' today.

				Dydyn nhw ddim wedi gweld y ffilm eto.
				-  They haven’t seen the film yet.

		(c)	Ydyn nhw wedi …?	-	Have they…?

			Ydyn nhw wedi cyrraedd?  
				- Have they arrived?  

				Ydyn nhw wedi mynd i’r gwaith?
				- Have they gone to work?

		(ch)	Ydyn			-	Yes (they have)
		Nac ydyn			-	No (they haven't)

			Ydyn nhw wedi cyrraedd?  -  Nac ydyn.
				- Have they arrived?  - No (they haven’t).

				Ydyn nhw wedi mynd i’r gwaith?  -  Ydyn. 
				- Have they gone to work?  -  Yes (they have).

	5.	Sgwrs

		Daniel:	Hylo Gwenan.  Shwd wyt ti?
		Gwenan:	Iawn, diolch.  Ble mae Dewi?  Dydw i ddim wedi 				gweld Dewi yr wythnos 'ma.
		Daniel:	O - mae e wedi mynd ar ei wyliau.
		Gwenan:	I ble mae e wedi mynd/
		Daniel:	I Ibiza.  Wyt ti wedi bod yno?
		Gwenan:	Ydw. Fe es i yno y llynedd gyda Ruth.  Rydyn ni 
				wedi bod yn Ibiza a Menorca - ond dydyn ni ddim 
				wedi bod ym Majorca.
		Daniel:	Mae Si‰n a Rhodri wedi mynd ar eu gwyliau hefyd.
				Maen nhw wedi hedfan i America.
		Gwenan:	Ydyn nhw wedi ymweld ag America o'r blaen?
		Daniel:	Nac ydyn.  Dydw i ddim wedi bod yn America,
				chwaith.  Wyt ti wedi cael gwyliau eleni?
		Gwenan:	Nac ydw.  Rydw i wedi bod yn rhy brysur. 

	6.	Questions and answers in full (Present / Perfect Tense)

		1.	Ydw i'n / wedi … ?		-	   (Nac) ydych  / wyt
		2.	Wyt ti'n / wedi …?		-	   (Nac) ydw
			Ydych chi'n / wedi …?	
		3.	Ydy ..... yn / wedi …?		-	   (Nac) ydy

		1.	Ydyn ni'n / wedi …?		-	   (Nac) ydyn  / ydych
		2.	Ydych chi'n / wedi …?		- 	   (Nac) ydyn
		3.	Ydyn nhw'n / wedi …? 		-     (Nac) ydyn