GWERS 114

CYFLWYNYDD:    CENNARD DAVIES

NOD:	  Trafod digwyddiadau yn y gorffennol  -  parhad.

	Geirfa

		dringo	-	to climb	edrych ar	-	to look at
		nofio		-	to swim	astudio	-	to study
		darlledu	-	to broadcast	gwylio adar	-	to birdwatch
		gwylio	-	to watch	gwersylla	-	to camp
		marchogaeth	-	to (horse) ride	merlota	-	to pony treck
		barcuta	-	to hang glide	brigdonna	-	to surf
		hamddena	-	to take one's	segura	-	to idle
		  			   leisure
					
		cymydog	-	neighbour	cymdogion	-	neighbours

		Gwlad Belg	-	Belgium	Gwlad yr Iâ	-	Iceland
		Gwlad Groeg	-	Greece	Y Ffindir	-	Finland
		
		Y Cyfandir	-	the Continent

RHAN 1

	1.	As with all Past Tense questions, the Yes / No replies to direct Past Tense
		questions are always

					Do		      -	Yes
					Naddo	      -	No

			Fuest ti yn Nantes?  -  Do.
	           - Were you / Have you been / Did you go to Nantes?  -  Yes.

			Fuon nhw yng ngwlad Belg?  -  Do.
	            - Were they / Did they go to / Have they been in Belgium?  - Yes.

			Fuodd y plant yn nofio?  -  Naddo.
			- Did the children swim?  -  No.

			Fuoch chi'n dringo? - Naddo.
			- Were you / Did you climb(ing)? -  No.

			Fuest ti yn yr Eidal yn ddiweddar?  -  Do, fis yn ôl.
      - Were you / Did you go to / Have you been in Italy  
         recently?  -  Yes, a month ago. 

			Fuodd Basil yn America?  -  Do.
                             - Did Basil go / Was Basil / Has Basil been in America?   -  Yes.

			Fuoch chi'n crwydro o gwmpas?  -  Naddo.
			- Did you tour / Were you touring?  -  No.

2.	      When ‘yn’ is merely a linking word with no translatable value, it is often 
	abbreviated to 'n after a vowel

				Mae'n oer.
				Fuoch chi'n nofio?
				Roedd hi'n denau.

		But if 'yn' conveys the preposition 'in' then it is NEVER  abbreviated, 
		even after a vowel.

				Fuoch chi yn yr Eidal?
				Fe fuon ni yn Ffrainc y llynedd.

		It sometimes changes its form to ‘ym’ or ‘yng’ of course

				Fe fuon ni ym Mangor.
				Fuoch chi yng Nghaernarfon?

RHAN 2

1.		The negative forms pose no problems - as with other Past Tense 
      verbs, drop the 'Mi / Fe' and add 'ddim'

				Fe / Mi fues i yn yr Almaen.
				Fues i ddim yn yr Almaen.

				Fe / Mi fuon nhw'n barcuta.
			      Fuon nhw ddim yn barcuta.

			Fues i ddim dramor eleni.
			- I didn't go / haven't been abroad this year.

			Fuon ni ddim ar y Cyfandir.
			- We didn't  go / haven't been on the Continent.

			Fuodd y plant ddim yn Disney World.
			- The children didn't go / haven't been in Disney World.

	2.	And we can add another verb to the ‘bues’ forms to express the Past Tense.

			Fuon ni ddim yn nofio yn y môr.
			- We didn't swim in the sea.

			Fuon nhw ddim yn brigdonna.
			- They didn't surf.

			Fuodd y plant ddim yn barcuta.
			- The children didn't hang glide.

			Fues i ddim yn segura - fe fues i'n brysur iawn.
			- I didn't idle (take it easy) - I was very busy.

	3.	Other question words are familiar to you

			Gyda phwy buest ti'n merlota?  -  Gyda'r plant.
			- With whom did you go / were you pony trekking?  -  With 
			  the children.
			Gyda phwy buodd y plant yn chwarae?
			- With whom did the children play?

			Pryd buon nhw ar eu gwyliau?  -  Ym mis Awst.
			- When did they go / were they on holiday?  -  In August.

			 Pryd buest ti’n brigdonna ddiwetha’?
			 - When did you surf (go surfing) last?