GWERS 107

CYFLWYNYDD:    BASIL DAVIES

NOD:	   Rhagor o 'tagiau'  -  yn yr Amser Amherffaith  (More 'tags'  -  in the 
	   Imperfect ‘was’ Tense)

     	Geirfa

		iawn	-	right, O.K.,	hwyr	-	late 				              correct	ardderchog	-	excellent
		sâl	-	ill	tost	-	ill
		absennol		-	absent		gartre(f)	-	at home
		yn well			-	better			ffyrnig	-	fierce
		yn gas			-	nasty			yn briod	-	married
		cyffrous	-		exciting

		drama  f	-	play

		arfer	-		used to

RHAN 1

	The Imperfect Tense 'tags' are just as easy to use as those in the
	Present Tense.  The linking word for the negative tag is again 'onid' 
	(pronounced ‘on'd’).

	The negative tag is used at the end of a positive statement, of course 
	(You don't have to use the confirming pronoun)

	1.	on'd oeddwn i?	-	  wasn't I?

		Roeddwn i'n hwyr, on'd oeddwn (i)?
			- I was late, wasn't I?

			Roeddwn i'n iawn, on'd oeddwn (i)?
			- I was right, wasn't I?

	2.	on'd oeddet ti?	-	    weren't you?

			Roeddet ti'n arfer byw yn Llundain, on'd oeddet (ti)?
			- You used to live in London, didn't you?

			Roeddet ti'n sâl ddoe, on'd oeddet (ti)?
			- You were ill yesterday, weren't you?

			Roeddet ti'n 'nabod John, on'd oeddet ti?
			- You knew John, didn't you?
		      (lit. You were knowing John, weren't you?)

	3.	A positive tag goes on the end of a negative sentence.  There is no 
		linking word for the positive tag.

			Doeddwn i ddim yn rhy hwyr, oeddwn i?
			- I wasn't too late, was I?

		Doeddwn i ddim yn 'nabod Jane, oeddwn i?
			- I didn't know Jane, did I?
		     (lit. I wasn't knowing Jane, was I)

			Doeddet ti ddim yn y parti, oeddet ti?
			- You weren't at the party, were you?

			Doeddet ti ddim yn hoffi'r ddrama, oeddet ti?
			- You didn't like the play, did you?
  			   (lit. You weren't liking the play, were you?)

	4.	The Imperfect verb forms are often abbreviated in ordinary speech

		R'on i'n iawn, on'd o'n (i)?	
			- I was right, wasn't I?

			D'on i ddim yn hwyr, o'n i?
			- I wasn't late, was I?

			R'ot ti'n sâl ddoe, on'd o't (ti)?
			- You were ill yesterday, weren't you?

			D'ot ti ddim yn y gwaith ddoe, o't ti?
			- You weren't in work yesterday, were you?

	5.	Notice the verbs 'nabod', 'hoffi' and 'byw'

	Although we use the Imperfect verb forms in Welsh, we don't use
	‘was / were’ in English with these verbs

			Roeddwn i'n hoffi			-	I liked
			Roeddet ti'n 'nabod		-	you knew
			Roeddwn i'n byw			-	I lived

RHAN 2

	1.	on’d oedd e (o)?		-	     wasn’t he / it?
		on’d oedd hi		-		wasn’t she / it?

		Roedd Bill yn absennol ddoe, on'd oedd (e / o)?
			- Bill was absent yesterday, wasn't he?

		 	Roedd y car yn y garej yr wythnos ddiwetha', on'd oedd (e / o)?
			- The car was in the garage last week, wasn't it?

		Roedd Mair yn arfer byw yn America, on'd oedd (hi)?
			- Mair used to live in America, didn't she?

		Roedd y ffilm yn ardderchog, on'd oedd (hi)?
			- The film was excellent, wasn't it?

	2.	Positive tags on negative sentences

			Doedd y ferch ddim yn dew, oedd hi?
			- The girl wasn't fat, was she?

			Doedd y nofel ddim yn gyffrous, oedd hi?
			- The novel wasn’t exciting, was it?

			Doedd yr athro ddim yn gas, oedd e (o)?
- The teacher wasn't nasty, was he?

			Doedd y car ddim yn y garej ddoe, oedd e/o?
			- The car wasn’t in the garage yesterday, was it?

	3.	All nouns are either masculine or feminine in Welsh of course.  If in doubt, use the masculine.  But in the negative tag, you don't have to use ‘hi’ nor ‘e / o’.

			Roedd y car yn y garej ddoe, on'd oedd (e / o)?
			Roedd y ci'n ffyrnig, on'd oedd (e / o)?
			Roedd y ffilm yn ddiddorol, on'd oedd (hi)?

	4.	Remember that time and weather references are feminine

			Roedd hi'n oer ddoe, on'd oedd (hi)?
			- It was cold yesterday, wasn’t it?
		
			Doedd hi ddim yn bwrw eira neithiwr, oedd hi?
			- It wasn’t snowing last night, was it?

			Doedd hi ddim yn rhy hwyr, oedd hi?
			- It wasn’t too late, was it?