GWERS 104

CYFLWYNYDD:    CENNARD DAVIES

NOD:	    Defnyddio ffurfiau Dyfodol cryno 'cael' a 'gwneud' (Using the
	    concise Future forms of the two irregular verbs ‘cael’ and ‘gwneud’)

	Geirfa

			teisen f			-	cake		torth(au)  f	-	loaf(ves)					teisennau/nod	-	cakes		llythyr	-	letter
		pryd o fwyd	-	meal		llestri	-	dishes
			cymwynas(au)f -	favour(s)	pwdin(au)	-	pudding(s)
			dewis			-		choice 	diod(ydd)	-	drink(s)					lleidr			-		thief		plismyn		-	policemen
			cot fawr	  f		-	overcoat 	awyren  f	-	aeroplane
	
		ystyried		-	to consider	codi	-	to lift, pick up, 
			dweud wrth	-	to tell					   get up					gwneud 		- 	to do a 	dal	-	to catch
		    cymwynas(â)	  favour (for) 	benthyg	-	to borrow		
		cau			-	to close 	bwriadu	-	to intend to			hedfan			-	to fly 		fforddio	-	to afford
		am brynu		-	want to buy		
	
		rhywbeth		-	something	rhywbryd	-	sometime
		rhywbeth i'w  	-	something	rhywsut	-	somehow
		       fwyta 			   to eat 	rhywle		-	somewhere
		rhywbeth i'w 	-	something	rhywbeth  	- 	something
		      ddarllen                       to read            i'w yfed              to drink

		mae'n debyg	-	I suppose	amhosibl	-	impossible		
		Druan ohonot ti! 	- 		Poor you!

RHAN 1

	1.	The concise or ‘short’ Future Tense forms of ‘gwneud’ (shall / will do)

			Fe / Mi wna(f) i		-	I’ll do / make	
			Fe / Mi wnei di			-	you’ll do / make
			Fe / Mi wnaiff e(o)/hi	-	he / she’ll do / make

			Fe / Mi wnawn ni		-	we’ll do / make
			Fe / Mi wnewch chi	-	you’ll do / make
			Fe / Mi wnân nhw		-	they’ll do / make

			Fe wna(f) i’r brecwast.
			- I'll make the breakfast.

			Mi wnawn ni'r coffi.
			- We'll make the coffee.

	2.	Remember that an indefinite object will undergo a Soft Mutation

		Fe / Mi wnawn ni deisen i'r parti.
		- We’ll make a cake for the party.

			Fe wna(f) i frecwast.
			- I'll make breakfast.

			Mi wnaiff John goffi.
			- John will make coffee.

3.	The negative forms (shan't / won't do / make)

		Wna' i ddim			-	I won’t do / make  (shall not)	
		Wnei di ddim			-	you won’t do / make
		Wnaiff e(o)/hi ddim	-	he / she won’t do / make
	
		Wnawn ni ddim		-	we won’t do / make
			Wnewch chi ddim		-	you won’t do / make
			Wnân nhw ddim		-	they won’t do / make

		Wnân nhw ddim gwaith heno.
			- They won't do (any) work tonight.

			Wnaiff Mary ddim pwdin heddiw.
			- Mary won't make a pudding today.

	4.	To form questions, drop the positive marker ‘Mi / Fe’

		Wnewch chi ginio i ni? 
			- Will you make dinner for us? 

			Wnaiff hi'r ardd yfory? 
			- Will she do the garden tomorrow? 

	5.	To say ‘Yes / No’ we use the verb forms of ‘gwneud’

		Wnaiff hi'r gwaith?   -   Gwniaff  /  Na wnaiff.
		- Will she do the work?   -   Yes (she will do)  /  No (she won't do).

		Wnei di dreiffl i'r parti?   -   Gwnaf  /  Na wnaf.
		- Will you make a trifle for the party?   -   Yes (I will do)  /
			   						               No (I won't do).
		
		Wnewch chi ginio i ni?   -   Gwnaf 
			- Will you make dinner for us?   -   Yes (I will do)!

			Wnaiff hi'r ardd yfory?   -   Na wnaiff!
			- Will she do the garden tomorrow?  -   No (she won’t do)!

6.		Any of the question words can be used

		Pryd gwnei di'r deisen?
		- When will you make the cake?

		Sut gwnân nhw'r gwaith?
		- How will they do the work?

‘Beth?’, ‘ Pwy?’ and ‘Faint?’ cause a Soft Mutation

		Beth wnawn ni?
		- What shall we do?

		Pwy wnaiff y llestri?
		- Who'll do the dishes?

		Faint wnân nhw yn y cyngerdd?
			- How much will they make in the concert?

		Pwy wnaiff y llestri?
			- Who'll do the dishes?

			Beth wnawn ni yfory?
			- What shall we do tomorrow?

7.	It is possible to use the concise forms of 'gwneud' with another verb 
	to form the future tense of that verb

		Fe / Mi ddarllena' i'r papur heno.
		Fe / Mi wna' i ddarllen y papur heno.
		- I'll read the paper tonight.

		Phrynwn ni ddim car newydd eleni.
		Wnawn ni ddim prynu car newydd eleni.
			- We won't buy a new car this year.

		Fe bostiff Bill y llythyr.
			Fe wnaiff Bill bostio'r llythyr.
			- Bill will post the letter.

			Welwn ni mo Siân yr wythnos 'ma.
			Wnawn ni ddim gweld Siân yr wythnos 'ma.
			- We won't see Siân this week.

			Agorwch chi'r ffenest, os gwelwch yn dda?
			Wnewch chi agor y ffenest, os gwelwch yn dda?
			- Will / Would you open the window, please?
	
		Daliff Tom am y tocynnau?   -   Gwnaiff.
		Wnaiff Tom dalu am y tocynnau?   -   Gwnaiff.
		- Will Tom pay for the tickets?   -   Yes.

This pattern is particularly useful when you want to make requests

		Wnewch chi gau'r ffenestr, os gwelwch yn dda?
		- Will / Would you close the window, please?

		Wnei di ddweud wrth Bob am y cyfarfod?
		- Will / Would you tell Bob about the meeting?

Learn the following parrot fashion

		Wnei di (wnewch chi) gymwynas â fi?
		- Will you do me a favour?

RHAN 2

	1.	The concise or ‘short’ Future tense forms of ‘cael’ (shall / will have)

			Fe / Mi ga(f) i			-	I will have (shall have)
			Fe / Mi gei di			-	you‘ll have
			Fe / Mi gaiff e(o) / hi	-	he / she’ll have

			Fe / Mi gawn ni		-	we’ll have
			Fe / Mi gewch chi		-	you’ll have
			Fe / Mi gân nhw		-	they’ll have

		Fe / Mi gawn ni swper yn y dre'.
			- We'll have supper in town.

			Fe / Mi ga' i lemonêd.
			- I'll have lemonade.

	An indefinite direct object undergoes a Soft Mutation

			Fe / Mi gawn ni gawl i swper.
			- We’ll have broth for supper.

		Fe / Mi gân nhw ginio yn y dre'.
			- They'll have lunch in town.

			Fe / Mi ga' i win.
			- I'll have wine.

	2.	To form the negative, drop the positive marker and add ‘ddim’ or ‘mo’	
		(shan't / won't have)

		As ‘cael’ begins with a ‘c’, don’t forget the Aspirate Mutation at the 
		beginning of the negative form

			Cha(f) i ddim			-		I won’t have (shall not have)	
			Chei di ddim			-		you won’t have
			Chaiff e(o) / hi ddim	-		he / she won’t have

					Chawn ni ddim		-	we won’t have
			Chân nhw ddim		-	you won’t have
			Chân nhw ddim		-	they won’t have

		Chawn ni ddim sglodion i ginio.
			- We won't have chips for lunch.

			Chaiff Tom ddim dewis.
			- Tom shan't have a choice (have no choice).

	3.	To form questions, drop the positive marker ‘Fe / Mi’

			Gân nhw ginio heddiw? 
			- Will they have lunch today? 

			Gaiff hi anrheg gan ei brawd? 
			- Will she have a present from her brother? 

	4.	To say ‘Yes / No’ the verb forms themselves are used.  (The forms of 'gwneud' are never used to reply to 'cael' questions)

			Gawn ni gig oen i ginio?   -   Cewch  /  Na chewch.
			- Will we have lamb for dinner?   -   Yes (you will have)  /  No 
											(you won’t have).								
			Gaiff Mair de yn y dre'?   -   Caiff  /  Na chaiff.
			- Will Mair have tea in town?   -  Yes (she will have)  /  No (she
												won’t have).								
			Gân nhw ginio heddiw?   -   Cân!
			- Will they have lunch today?   -   Yes (they will have)!

			Gaiff hi anrheg gan ei brawd?   -   Na chaiff!
			- Will she have a present from her brother?   - No (she won’t have)!

	5.	Any of the question words can be used

			Pryd cawn ni gar newydd?
			- When shall we have a new car?

			Ble cân nhw ginio?
			- Where will they have dinner?

		Pryd cawn ni ginio?
			- When will we have lunch?	

	Remember the Soft Mutation after Beth?, Pwy? and Faint?

			Beth gawn ni i'w yfed?
			- What shall we to drink?

		Pwy gaiff gar newydd eleni?
			- Who'll have a new car this year?

	6.	You'll remember that 'cael' can be used with another verb to convey 
		'to be allowed to  /  may'

			Fe gân nhw barcio yma.
			- They may park here.

			Ga' i brynu diod i chi?
				- May I buy you a drink?

			Chawn ni ddim eistedd yn y cefn.
			- We aren't allowed to sit in the back.

			Ga' i fynd adre'n gynnar?
			- May I (Am I allowed to) go home early?

	7.	The 'cael' forms are also used in the Passive Pattern of course

			Fe gaiff hi ei thalu ddydd Gwener.
			- She will be paid on Friday.

			Fe gaiff y lleidr ei ddal gan y plismyn.
			- The thief will be caught by the policemen.

	8.	Sgwrs

		Alun:	Fe a' i i Gaerdydd yfory.
		Ben:		Sut ei di?
		Alun:	Ar y trên 10 o'r gloch.  Ddoi di gyda fi?
		Ben:		Dof.  'Dw i am brynu cot fawr newydd.
		Alun:	Ble cawn ni ginio?
		Ben:		Awn ni i Westy'r Grand?  Mae'n lle ardderchog.
		Alun:	Ydy, wir.  Ond beth wnei di ar ôl cinio?  Mae rhaid i fi fynd i'r 	llyfrgell.
		Ben:		I'r llyfrgell?  Pam rwyt ti'n mynd yno?
		Alun:	'Dw i am fenthyg llyfr am Norwy.
		Ben:		Pam?  Ydych chi'n bwriadu mynd yno?
		Alun:	Ydyn.  Fe awn ni eleni, gobeithio.
		Ben:		Sut ewch chi?  Hedfan neu ar long?
		Alun:	Ar long, mae'n debyg.  Aiff Elin byth ar awyren.
		Ben:		Wel, gobeithio y cewch chi amser da.
		Alun:	Pam na ddoi di a Mari gyda ni?
		Ben:		Amhosibl.  'Dw i ddim yn gallu fforddio gwyliau yn Norwy a 	chael cot fawr newydd!
		Alun:	Druan ohonot ti!