GWERS 20

CYFLWYNYDD:   ANN M. JONES

NOD:      Edrych i'r dyfodol.

	Geirfa

	dyfodol	-	future		blaendal	-	deposit
	pris(iau)	-	price(s)		cost(au)	-	cost(s)
	awyren (b)	-	aeroplane		llong (b)	-	ship
	taith (b)	-	journey		arian / pres	-	money
	siwrnai (b)	-	journey		mordaith (b)	-	cruise
	cysgod	-	shade		haul		-	sun

	trefnu	-	to arrange		bwcio	-	to book
	penderfynu	-	to decide		talu		-	to pay
	newid	-	to change		cyrraedd	-	to arrive at /
	hedfan	-	to fly						  to reach
	hwylio	-	to sail			ymweld ‰	-	to visit
	teithio	-	to travel		mwynhau	-	to enjoy
	edrych	  	to look 		cynilo	-	to save
	  ymlaen at	-	forward to		fforddio	-	to afford
	gwersylla	-	to camp		sgwrsio	-	to chat
	ofni		-	to fear		canolbwyntio-	to concentrate
		
	foreign	-	tramor		anffodus	-	unfortunate						
	erbyn		-	by			eto		-	yet
	o amgylch	-	around		eisoes	-	already
	wedi'i drefnu -	has been arranged	llawn		-	full

RHAN 1

	1.	Amser Dyfodol y ferf 'bod'

	Cadarnhaol

 		Fe / Mi fydda(f) i			Fe / Mi fyddwn ni
		Fe / Mi fyddi di			Fe / Mi fyddwch chi
		Fe / Mi fydd e/hi			Fe / Mi fyddan nhw

			Fe / Mi fyddwn ni'n mynd ar ein gwyliau ddydd Sadwrn.
			-  We shall be going on holiday on Saturday.

			Fe / Mi fydd y plant yn dod adre' o'r ysgol am 4 o'r gloch.
			-  The children will be coming home from school at 4 o'clock. 

	Negyddol

		Fydda' i ddim			Fyddwn ni ddim
		Fyddi di ddim			Fyddwch chi ddim
		Fydd e/hi ddim			Fyddan nhw ddim

			Fyddan nhw ddim yn hedfan o Gatwick.
			-  They won't be flying from Gatwick.

			Fydda' i ddim yn gwersylla.
			-  I won't be camping. 

	Cwestiwn ac ateb

		Fydda' i?		-	Byddi / Na fyddi
					-	Byddwch / Na fyddwch
		Fyddi ?		-	Byddaf / Na fyddaf
		Fydd e (o) / hi?	-	Bydd / Na fydd
		
		Fyddwn ni?		-	Byddwn / Na fyddwn
						Byddwch / Na fyddwch
		Fyddwch chi?	-	Byddwn / Na fyddwn
		Fyddan nhw?	-	Byddan / Na fyddan

			Fyddi di'n hwylio?  -  Byddaf, o Portsmouth.
			-  Will you be sailing?  -  Yes, from Portsmouth.

			Fydd y plant yn mynd i nofio yn y m™r?  -  Na fyddan.
			-  Will the children be going swimming in the sea?  -  No.

	2.	Fe fydd rhaid i...	-     ....will have to

			Fe / Mi fydd rhaid i fi ffonio Bob heno.
			-  I'll have to telephone Bob tonight.

			Fydd rhaid iddi hi brynu car newydd eleni?  -  Na fydd.
			-  Will she have tobuy a new car this year?  -  No.

			Fydd dim rhaid iddyn nhw godi'n gynnar yfory.
			-  They won't have toget up early tomorrow.

		Notice the Soft Mutation after this pattern.

			Fe  / Mi fydd rhaid iddo fe (fo) fynd i'r gwaith ar y bws.
			-  He'll have to go to work by bus.

			Fydd rhaid i chi gael cinio yn y dref?
			-  Will you have to have lunch in town?

		Notice also that the verb is always in the third person. The different 			persons are shown by the personal forms of 'i'.

			Fe / Mi fydd rhaid ........i fi / i ti / iddo fe(fo) / iddi hi / i ni / i chi /
						       iddyn nhw 

RHAN 2

	1.	Pryd?     -    When?	                    		Sut?  	             -      How?           		      O ble?    -    From where?			Gyda phwy?   -     With whom?

		There is no mutation after any of these.
	
			Sut bydd hi'n teithio i Ffrainc?
			-  How will she be travelling to France?

			O ble byddan nhw'n hedfan?
			-  From where will they be flying?

			Gyda phwy byddi di'n mynd?
			-  With whom will you be going?

		Notice that you don't need anything between'cyrraedd' and the noun in 			Welsh, although we say 'arrive in / at' in English.
			
			Pryd byddwch chi'n cyrraedd Llundain?
			-  When will you arrive in / reach London?

	2.	Beth?      -     What?			Pwy?     -     Who? / Whom?

		Both these are followed by a Soft Mutation.

			Beth fydd i swper ?
			-  What will be for supper?

			Pwy fydd yn talu'r bil?
			-  Who will be paying the bill?

	
		Notice that we need 'ei' in front of the verb in such sentences as these.			You won't hear the word 'ei' in ordinary speech, but the  Soft Mutation it 		causes shows on the verb.
					
			Beth fyddan nhw'n (ei) wisgo?
			-  What will they be wearing?
			Beth fydd Tom yn (ei) gael i swper?
			-  What will Tom be having for supper?

			Pwy fyddi di'n (ei) weld yn y parc?
			-  Whom will you be seeing in the park?
			Pwy fyddwch chi'n (ei) ddysgu?
			- Whom will you be teaching?

	3.	Pa mor...?	-	How...?

		Pa mor boeth fydd hi yn yr Aifft?
		-  How hot will it be in Egypt?

		Pa mor hir ydy'r daith?
		-  How far is the journey?

	4.	y (+ Future Tense)     -     that

		'Dwi'n siùr y byddi di wedi blino.
		-  I'm sure that you'll be tired.

		Maen nhw'n dweud y bydd hi'n boethach yr wythnos nesa'.
		-  They say that it will be hotter next week.

	5.	Notice the following words which are always followed by  'y' when 			followed by the Future Tense.
		
			efallai ('falle) y...	-	perhaps/maybe... 	+ Future Tense
		hwyrach y...	-	perhaps/maybe... 	+ Future Tense
		gan, achos, am y...	-	because... 		+ Future Tense
		gobeithio y...	-	I hope (that)... 	+ Future Tense

			Gobeithio y bydd hi'n braf.
			-  I hope (that)  it will be fine.

			'Falle y byddwch chi'n gynnar.
			-  Perhaps you'll be early.

			Achos y byddwn ni ar ein gwyliau.
			-  Because we'll be on holiday.

RHAN 3

	1.	Conveying the 'habitual' tense.

	When we wish to convey the fact that something happens regularly 		or habitually, we can use the 'byddaf' forms instead of the ordinary 		present tense forms.

		I get up at 7 o'clock (every morning)
		-  'Dw i'n codi am 7 o'r gloch (bob bore)
		-  Fe fydda' i'n codi am 7 o'r gloch (bob bore)
														We come to work on the train.
		-  Rydyn ni'n dod i'r gwaith ar y tr�n
		-  Mi fyddwn ni'n dod i'r gwaith ar y tr�n

		They go to France every year.
		-  Maen nhw'n mynd i Ffrainc bob blwyddyn.
		-  Fe fyddan nhw'n mynd i Ffrainc bob blwyddyn.

		She doesn't eat meat.
			-  Dydy hi ddim yn bwyta cig.
		-  Fydd hi ddim yn bwyta cig.

	2.	am 	- 	to intend to.../going to..

	You know that 'am' can be used in front of a verb to mean 'eisiau' 
	(to want to).

	It can also be used in front of a verb to convey 'intend to/going to'

		I ble rwyt ti am fynd ar dy wyliau eleni?
		-	Where are you going to go on (your) holiday this year?
		-	Where do you intend to go on (your) holiday this year?

		'Dw i am hedfan yno.
		-	I'm going to fly there.
		-	I intend to fly there.

	3.	codi tocyn		-	to buy a ticket
	codi arian/pres	-	to withdraw money

		Rydw i wedi codi tocyn i Bournemouth.
		-  I've bought a ticket to Bournemouth.

		Fe fydd rhaid i fi fynd i'r banc i godi arian.
		-  I'll have to go to the bank to withdraw (some) money. 
			(i.e. some money not lift it!!!). 

	4.	Idiomau a dywediadau

		bwrw'r Sul		-	to spend the weekend 				 		bwrw'r Nadolig	-	to spend Christmas					bwrw'r gwyliau	-	to spend the holiday
		ar unwaith		-	at once
		cyn bo hir		-	before long

	5.	Dihareb
		
		Diwedd y g‰n yw y geiniog.
		-  Everything comes down to money.
			   ( The end of every song is money)